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Reformatted and Updated to Modern English
重新排版并更新至现代英语
With a Resolution of Several Momentous Questions and Cases of Conscience.
附带对若干重大的问题和良心案例（Cases of Conscience）的解答。
“Thy Commandment is exceeding broad”. – Psalm 119. 96.
“祢的命令极其宽广。”——《诗篇》119:96。
The decline of religion in the world today has reached such a level that it is noticed by all who claim any interest in it, and it is complained about by many.
现今世界中宗教的衰落（decline）已达到了如此程度，以至于所有声称对它有兴趣的人都注意到了，并且许多人都在抱怨。
By religion, we mean its power in the hearts and lives of people, not merely an outward profession of it, let alone the general pretense made by those who openly deny its power.
我们所说的宗教，是指它在人心和人生命中的能力（power），而不仅仅是它外在的宣称（outward profession），更不用说那些公开否认其能力的人所作的一般性伪装（pretense）了。
Its manifestation is not only seen in the fruits of sinful complacency and the wicked lives of people from all walks of life, but it is also becoming evident in its effects in the current state of the world, which is filled with misery and confusion.
它的彰显不仅体现在罪恶的自满（sinful complacency）和各行各业之人邪恶生活的果子中，而且也正在当今充满痛苦和混乱的世界状态中，在其影响方面变得明显。
The wrath of God is revealed in various ways from heaven against the ungodliness and unrighteousness of people who suppress the truth by their unrighteousness, and in many nations, there are visible signs and manifestations of it.
上帝的愤怒（wrath of God）正以各种方式从天上显明出来，抵挡那些以不义压制真理（suppress the truth by their unrighteousness）的人的不敬虔（ungodliness）和不义（unrighteousness），而且在许多国家，都有明显的迹象和表现。
There is no peace among them, whether they are coming or going; instead, great distress is upon all their inhabitants.
他们之间没有平安，无论是出还是入；相反，巨大的苦难（distress）降在他们所有的居民身上。
Nation rises against nation, and city against city, for God afflicts them with all sorts of adversities.
国与国相争，城与城相争，因为上帝用各种各样的逆境（adversities）来折磨他们。
Regardless of what people may think or plan in these matters, the judgments of God are not simply serving their desires and passions.
无论人们在这些事情上可能怎么想或计划，上帝的审判（judgments of God）并非仅仅服务于他们的欲望和激情。
He contends with the world because of its neglect of the gospel and its opposition to it.
祂与世界争辩，因为世界忽略福音并反对它。
Our present respite in enjoying outward blessings does not prove that we are not the objects of His displeasure.
我们现在享有外在祝福的喘息（respite）并不证明我们不是祂不悦的对象。
All people are in the same condition when they fall into the same sins and the same lapses from the power of religion, for God shows no partiality.
当所有人都陷入相同的罪和从宗教能力中相同的失误（lapses）时，他们的处境都是一样的，因为上帝不偏待人（no partiality）。
It is indeed an expression of divine patience, which if abused through complacency, will lead to一个更严重的报应。
这确实是神圣忍耐（divine patience）的一种表达，如果通过自满而被滥用，将导致更严厉的报应（retribution）。
Meanwhile, the voice of God to us in all the miseries and desolations we hear about in the world is that unless we repent, we will likewise perish.
同时，上帝在我们在世界上所听闻的所有痛苦和荒凉（desolations）中对我们发出的声音是：除非我们悔改，否则我们也将同样灭亡。
We are not completely without clear warnings among ourselves through various severe dispensations of divine providence.
通过神圣护理（divine providence）的各种严厉施恩方式（dispensations），我们自己中间也并非完全没有清晰的警告。
Those who are not completely hardened by the deceitfulness of sin can easily discern God’s hand raised in various indications of His displeasure.
那些没有被罪的欺骗性完全硬心（hardened）的人，可以很容易地辨认出上帝在各种表示祂不悦的迹象中举起的手。
However, it must be acknowledged and lamented that the security of the world appears to be unshaken, and the flood of sin shows no sign of being restrained in the least.
然而，必须承认和哀叹，世界的安全感（security）似乎未被动摇，罪的洪流丝毫没有被抑制的迹象。
The reasons and causes of the present widespread departure from the truth, power, holiness, and glory of the Gospel or Christian religion have been investigated and explained in a separate treatise intended for that purpose.
目前普遍背离福音或基督教真理、能力、圣洁和荣耀的原因和缘由，已在一个为此目的而作的独立论述（treatise）中进行过探究和解释。
However, a few things relevant to the current situation can be observed here.
然而，此处可以观察到一些与当前情况相关的事情。
All declines in religion originate in individual persons, although they eventually extend to families, and thus the infection spreads to larger communities, both ecclesiastical and national.
所有宗教的衰落都源于个体，尽管它们最终会蔓延到家庭，从而感染扩散到更大的社区，无论是教会的还是国家的。
This is also the natural progression in the development of the power of religion to which it is opposed.
这也是宗教能力发展中与其对立的自然进程。
God’s testimony to Abraham was that, by walking in the ways of the Lord himself, he taught and commanded his children and household to do the same.
上帝对亚伯拉罕（Abraham）的见证是，祂自己行在主的道路上，并教导和命令祂的儿女和家人也这样做。
If the living power of godliness, as manifested in the life of Christ and the gospel, is not preserved in individual persons, then the profession of the purest religion in churches or the highest pretense of it in public, national acts is of no benefit to the souls of people and does not contribute to the glory of God.
如果在个体身上未能保守敬虔（godliness）活泼的能力（如在基督生平和福音中所显明的），那么在教会中最纯净的宗教宣称，或在公开、国家行为中对此最高程度的伪装，对人的灵魂都没有益处，也无助于上帝的荣耀。
The only purpose of outward religious order and profession is lost when they are not applied to generating and promoting holiness or evangelical obedience in individuals.
当外在的宗教秩序和宣称没有被应用于在个体中产生和促进圣洁或福音性顺服（evangelical obedience）时，它们唯一的目的就失去了。
Therefore, if there is still hope for a revival of the power of religion in the world, if we seek to halt the fatal decline it is currently experiencing, we must focus on forming and restoring its principles in the hearts and consciences of individuals.
因此，如果世界上宗教能力的复兴仍有希望，如果我们要阻止它目前正在经历的致命衰落，我们就必须着重于在个体的内心和良心（consciences）中建立和恢复其原则。
It is through them that it will spread to families and larger societies.
正是通过他们，它将传播到家庭和更大的社会。
All reformation must begin here or through the use of appropriate means.
所有的改革（reformation）都必须从这里开始，或者通过使用适当的方法。
In the following discussion, we have one example among many presented to us as a possible way to achieve this.
在接下来的讨论中，我们有很多例子中的一个呈现在我们面前，作为实现此目的的一种可能方法。
The general and unquestionable reason for all sins and failures among people is the neglect of the holy and perfect rule of obedience, or the law of God, without a sincere and conscientious commitment to adhere to it.
在人中间，所有罪恶和失败的普遍且毋庸置疑的原因，是对圣洁和完全的顺服规则，即上帝的律法（law of God）的忽略，而没有真诚和凭着良心的委身去遵守它。
Without a proper recognition of the authority of God in His law and an an understanding that we will be held accountable for our adherence to it, there can be no legitimate expectation of the restoration of the power and glory of religion.
如果没有对上帝在祂律法中的权威的正确认知，以及一种我们将为我们对它的遵守而被追究责任的理解，就不能合理地期望宗教的能力和荣耀得到恢复。
There are many ways in which people are led astray from giving due consideration to and faithfully complying with this rule.
人们被误导，偏离对这条规则给予应有考量和忠实遵守的方式有很多。
First, false and corrupt interpretations of the law enable many to indulge in various lusts and neglect many old duties.
首先，对律法的虚假和腐败解释，使许多人能够沉溺于各种私欲（lusts）并忽略许多旧有的责任（duties）。
The Pharisees of old, by representing the purpose and meaning of the law as pertaining only to external acts and practices, undermined true holiness and religion within the apostatizing Jewish church.
古代的法利赛人（Pharisees），通过将律法的目的和意义描述为仅涉及外在的行为和实践，从而破坏了背道的犹太教会中真正的圣洁和宗教。
Under the pretense of establishing a false legal righteousness, they destroyed the true righteousness of the law.
在建立虚假的律法公义（legal righteousness）的伪装下，他们摧毁了律法的真公义（true righteousness）。
These things always go hand in hand.
这些事情总是相伴而行。
Those who argue for their own righteousness through works of the law consistently, through false glosses and interpretations, undermine the spirituality and all animating principles of the law itself.
那些通过律法行为为自己的公义辩护的人，总是通过虚假的注释（glosses）和解释，破坏律法本身的灵性（spirituality）和所有激励人心的原则。
To correctly understand the law and to seek righteousness by it, or by its works, are entirely inconsistent.
正确理解律法的意义，并借着它或它的行为寻求公义，是完全不一致的。
Therefore, many people, due to their natural blindness and their dislike of and enmity towards it, have sought to accommodate the law itself to their own lusts and inclinations through false interpretations.
因此，许多人由于他们天然的盲目，以及对律法的厌恶和敌意，试图通过错误的解释来使律法本身适应他们自己的私欲和倾向（inclinations）。
This was evident with the Pharisees of old, and the present understanding of many about these things is not much different from theirs.
这在古代法利赛人身上是显而易见的，而现今许多人对这些事情的理解与他们没有太大不同。
Such interpretations of the law are embraced where there is little regard for the spiritual state of the heart or the internal struggle between the principles of sin and obedience.
这种对律法的解释被那些很少顾及内心属灵状态或罪与顺服原则之间内在挣扎的人所接受。
The scope of the commandment is also greatly stretched by many, and they will scarcely allow anything to be commanded or forbidden in it unless it is plainly expressed in the letter.
诫命的范围也被许多人大大地拉伸（stretched），他们几乎不会允许其中有任何被命令或被禁止的事情，除非它在字面上（letter）清晰地表达出来。
It is clear how such understanding will gradually weaken the sense of the necessity of universal mortification and diminish the diligence of the mind in striving for a renewed spiritual state of the heart.
很明显，这种理解将如何逐渐削弱对普遍治死（universal mortification）必要性的感受，并减少心灵在努力追求内心更新的属灵状态时的勤奋（diligence）。
By such means, a decline from true holiness and piety will be effectively promoted.
通过这种方式，对真正圣洁和敬虔（piety）的衰退将被有效地推进。
When people begin to satisfy themselves with the external duties of divine worship and righteousness, which, if left alone, are but lifeless religion, they will not remain conscientiously devoted to even those duties for long.
当人们开始满足于神圣敬拜和公义的外在责任时，如果仅有这些，那只是没有生命的宗教，他们甚至不会对这些责任保持长久的良心委身（conscientiously devoted）。
Secondly, the separation of the duties of the law from the grace of the gospel will have a similar effect.
其次，将律法的责任与福音的恩典分开，将产生类似的影响。
It will quickly lead to a pretense of morality that opposes true evangelical obedience.
它将很快导致一种道德（morality）的伪装，这种伪装反对真正的福音性顺服。
There is no way that the entire rule of duty can be rendered more ineffective and useless to the souls of men.
没有别的方法能使整套责任规则对人的灵魂变得更无效和无用。
If the reconciliation made in Christ between the law and the gospel is taken away, it will only become a lifeless letter.
如果基督在律法与福音之间所成就的和解（reconciliation）被除去，它将只会成为一封没有生命的文字。
And as soon as this notion takes hold, it becomes evident in its consequences.
一旦这个观念占据人心，其后果就会显而易见。
Every attempt by people against the grace of God will result in the destruction of morality among themselves.
人反对上帝恩典的每一次尝试，都将导致他们自己道德的毁灭。
Such understandings, when combined with abundant temptations that cater to the desires of all kinds of people, can only promote the interests and prevalence of sin and Antichrist in the world.
当这些理解与迎合各种人欲望的丰富试探相结合时，只会促进罪和敌基督（Antichrist）在世界上的利益和盛行。
It is evident that there is a great neglect and contempt of the holy rule of obedience in most people, accompanied by a profound ignorance and misunderstanding of its purpose and meaning in many.
很明显，在大多数人身上，存在着对圣洁的顺服规则的极大忽略和蔑视，同时在许多人身上，伴随着对其目的和意义的深刻无知和误解。
Therefore, a sincere effort to explain and uphold its authority and significance, as well as to apply it to the consciences of professed Christians, guiding and urging them towards consistent obedience, can be considered timely and, by the blessing of God, exceptionally beneficial.
因此，真诚地努力解释和维护它的权威和重要性，以及将它应用于那些自称是基督徒的人的良心，引导和敦促他们保持始终如一的顺服，可以被认为是及时的，并且借着上帝的赐福，具有非凡的益处。
Just as our Lord Jesus Christ, upon observing the harm that had befallen the Church due to the false interpretation of the Law imposed by the Pharisees, commenced his prophetic ministry by vindicating it from their corrupt interpretations and restoring its original crown of purity and spirituality, so it is acknowledged that the endeavours of this worthy servant of Christ in the work of the Gospel, the author of the following exposition of the Decalogue, are both timely and worthy of acceptance.
正如我们的主耶稣基督，在观察到因法利赛人强加给律法的错误解释而给教会带来的伤害时，开始祂的先知性事工，通过为律法辩护，使其免受他们腐败的解释，并恢复其原有的纯洁和灵性的冠冕，同样地，这位基督忠心仆人，即以下十诫（Decalogue）释义（exposition）的作者，祂在福音事工中的努力，也被公认为既及时又值得接受。
Just as other efforts are necessary for all those upon whom it is incumbent to care for the advancement of holiness in the Church and to impede the progress of sin insofar as lies within their power, it is clear that, for the aforementioned reasons, this particular approach is specifically timely and beneficial.
正如对于所有那些肩负着在教会中关心圣洁进步和尽其所能阻止罪恶发展之责任的人来说，其他努力是必要的，很明显，出于上述原因，这种特定的方法是特别及时和有益的。
I am convinced that every devout, humble, and open-minded reader will acknowledge the significant benefits that can be derived from this work.
我深信，每一位虔诚、谦卑和心胸开阔的读者都会承认从这部作品中可以获得重大的益处。
Some may readily perceive how far short their self-prescribed measure of duties falls from what is indispensably required of them, while others may gain a clear understanding of the comprehensive framework of obedience in its principles, content, manner, and purpose that they sincerely strive to attain.
有些人可能会轻易地察觉到他们自我规定的责任标准与对他们不可或缺（indispensably）的要求相差多远，而另一些人可能会清楚地理解顺服的全面框架，包括其原则、内容、方式和目的，这些都是他们真诚努力追求达到的。
Moreover, there are several aspects of this discourse that, in my view, exhibit a notable degree of excellence.
此外，在我看来，这次论述的几个方面展现了显著的卓越程度。
The author’s intention of teaching with clarity and simplicity is evident throughout the entire book.
作者以清晰和简单来教导的意图在整本书中是显而易见的。
This makes it accessible to even the least knowledgeable individuals, which is the greatest strength of such discourses in terms of their structure and organization.
这使得即使是知识最少的人也能理解它，这是此类论述在结构和组织方面的最大优势。
Since the sole purpose is to guide the practice of all types of Christians, any ornamental language or anything that deviates from simplicity, sobriety, and seriousness is irrelevant.
鉴于唯一的目的是指导所有类型基督徒的实践，任何华丽的语言或任何偏离简洁、审慎和严肃的东西都是不相关的。
Therefore, while the topics discussed require continuous engagement from the wisest, most knowledgeable believers, the style and delivery are tailored to the understanding and capacity of even the least knowledgeable among them, ensuring that everyone can benefit from it.
因此，虽然所讨论的主题需要最聪明、最有知识的信徒持续投入，但其风格和传达方式却是为他们中知识最少的人的理解和能力量身定制的，确保每个人都能从中受益。
Specific instances and cases pertaining to daily practice are presented, explained, and resolved in a clear and comprehensive manner, making the entire book a complete Christian guide for living in obedience to God.
与日常实践相关的具体事例和案例以清晰和全面的方式呈现、解释和解决，使整本书成为一本完全的基督徒顺服上帝生活的指南。
The pious reader can select any particular duty or category of duties to test the validity of the instructions, and if I am not mistaken, they will recognize the wisdom and profound experience from which these plain directions arise.
敬虔的读者可以选择任何特定的责任或责任类别来测试这些指示的有效性，如果我没有弄错的话，他们会认识到这些明确的指导所源自的智慧和深刻的经验。
For example, if one considers what is revealed about public prayer and the potential mistakes people may make in that regard on pages 52 and 53, or focuses on matters that personally concern them, they will find unaffected clarity, concise explanations, and sound judgment evident throughout the text.
例如，如果一个人思考第52页和53页所揭示的关于公共祷告以及人们在这方面可能犯的潜在错误，或者关注与他们个人相关的事务，他们会在整个文本中发现不做作的清晰性、简洁的解释和健全的判断。
Additionally, the entire discourse consistently emphasizes the importance of the heart and inner principles of obedience, while addressing the opposing actions of the flesh and various temptations.
此外，整个论述持续强调内心和顺服内在原则的重要性，同时论及肉体（flesh）的对立行为和各种试探。
As a result, these discourses, though delivered with plain language, will be truly understood only by those who have developed their faculties to discern between good and evil to some extent.
因此，这些论述虽然以朴实的语言传达，但只有那些在某种程度上已经发展出辨别善恶能力的人才能真正理解。
This book provides a comprehensive testimony, not only against the immoral lives of many individuals who are called Christians, but also against the shallow and careless profession of faith that too many content themselves with.
这本书提供了一个全面的见证，不仅反对许多被称为基督徒的人的不道德生活，也反对太多人安于其中的肤浅和草率的信仰宣称。
These individuals claim to possess a greater understanding of and adherence to the truth and power of religion.
这些人声称对宗教的真理和能力拥有更大的理解和遵守。
By following the guidelines set forth in this book, those who are genuinely committed to obedience can examine themselves and identify any areas of decline they may have experienced in this challenging time of temptation that has befallen the world.
通过遵循本书中提出的指导方针，那些真正委身于顺服的人可以省察自己，并识别出在这个降临到世界上的充满挑战的试探时期，他们可能经历的任何衰退领域。
Furthermore, they can receive guidance in their Christian journey, aiming to bring glory to God and find comfort for their own souls.
此外，他们可以在他们的基督徒旅程中获得指导，旨在为上帝带来荣耀并为自己的灵魂找到安慰。
It is my sincere hope that all of this may be achieved.
我真诚地希望所有这一切都能够实现。
To you, Christian reader,
致你，基督徒读者，
I am your servant in the work of the Lord,
我是你在主事工中的仆人，
John Owen
约翰·欧文（John Owen）
Table of Contents
目录
To the Right Honourable Marquess of ARGILE.
致尊敬的（Right Honourable）阿盖尔侯爵（Marquess of ARGILE）。
TO THE CHRISTIAN READER.
致基督徒读者。
TO THE READER.
致读者。
TO THE CHRISTIAN READER.
致基督徒读者。
Preface of the Ten Commandments
十诫（Ten Commandments）序言
The First Commandment
第一条诫命
The Second Commandment.
第二条诫命。
The Third Commandment.
第三条诫命。
The Fourth Commandment.
第四条诫命。
The Fifth Command.
第五条诫命。
The Sixth Commandment.
第六条诫命。
The Seventh Commandment.
第七条诫命。
The Eighth Command.
第八条诫命。
The Ninth Command.
第九条诫命。
The Tenth Commandment.
第十条诫命。
POSTSCRIPT.
附言（POSTSCRIPT.）。