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John Gresham Machen (July 28, 1881 – January 1, 1937) was an American Presbyterian theologian in the early 20th century.
约翰·格雷沙姆·梅钦（1881年7月28日—1937年1月1日）是20世纪早期的美国长老会神学家。
He was the Professor of New Testament at Princeton Seminary between 1906 and 1929, and led a conservative revolt against modernist theology at Princeton and formed Westminster Theological Seminary as a more orthodox alternative.
他在1906年至1929年间担任普林斯顿神学院的新约教授，并在普林斯顿领导了一场反对现代主义神学的保守派反抗运动，创立了威斯敏斯特神学院作为更为正统的替代选择。
As the Northern Presbyterian Church continued to reject conservative attempts to enforce faithfulness to the Westminster Confession, Machen led a small group of conservatives out of the church to form the Orthodox Presbyterian Church.
当北方长老会持续拒绝保守派强制执行忠于威斯敏斯特信条的尝试时，梅钦带领一小群保守派人士离开该教会，成立了正统长老会。
When the northern Presbyterian church (PCUSA) rejected his arguments during the mid-1920s and decided to reorganize Princeton Seminary to create a liberal school, Machen took the lead in founding Westminster Seminary in Philadelphia (1929) where he taught New Testament until his death.
当北方长老会（美国长老会）在1920年代中期拒绝了他的论点，并决定重组普林斯顿神学院以创建一所自由派学校时，梅钦率先在费城创立了威斯敏斯特神学院（1929年），他在那里教授新约直到去世。
His continued opposition during the 1930s to liberalism in his denomination’s foreign missions agencies led to the creation of a new organization, The Independent Board for Presbyterian Foreign Missions (1933).
他在1930年代持续反对其宗派海外宣教机构中的自由主义，导致创立了一个新组织，长老会海外宣教独立委员会（1933年）。
The trial, conviction and suspension from the ministry of Independent Board members, including Machen, in 1935 and 1936 provided the rationale for the formation in 1936 of the OPC.
1935年和1936年对独立委员会成员（包括梅钦）的审判、定罪和停止圣职，为1936年正统长老会的成立提供了理由。
Machen is considered to be the last of the great Princeton theologians who had, since the formation of the college in the early 19th century, developed Princeton theology: a conservative and Calvinist form of Evangelical Christianity.
梅钦被认为是伟大的普林斯顿神学家中的最后一位，这些神学家自19世纪早期学院成立以来，发展了普林斯顿神学：一种保守的加尔文主义形式的福音派基督教。
Although Machen can be compared to the great Princeton theologians (Archibald Alexander, Charles Hodge, A. A. Hodge and B. B. Warfield) he was neither a lecturer in theology (he was a New Testament scholar) nor did he ever become the seminary’s principal.
尽管梅钦可以与伟大的普林斯顿神学家们（阿奇博尔德·亚历山大、查尔斯·贺治、A·A·贺治和华菲德）相提并论，但他既不是神学讲师（他是新约学者），也从未成为神学院的院长。
Machen’s influence can still be felt today through the existence of both institutions that he founded—Westminster Theological Seminary and the Orthodox Presbyterian Church.
梅钦的影响至今仍可通过他所创立的两个机构的存在而感受到——威斯敏斯特神学院和正统长老会。
In addition, his textbook on basic New Testament Greek is still used today in many seminaries, including PCUSA schools.
此外，他关于新约希腊文基础的教科书至今仍在许多神学院使用，包括美国长老会的学校。
Table of Contents
目录
History and Faith
历史与信心
My Idea of God
我对神的观念
What is Christianity?
何为基督教？
The Fall of Man
人的堕落
What is Sin?
何为罪？
The Consequences of the Fall of Man
人堕落的后果
On the Doctrine of the Atonement
论赎罪教义
The Triune God
三一神
Faith in God
对神的信心
Faith and Works
信心与行为
Sin and its Consequences
罪及其后果
The Witness of Paul to Christ
保罗对基督的见证
The Resurrection of Christ
基督的复活
Constraining Love
激励的爱
The Minister and His Greek New Testament
牧师与他的希腊文新约圣经
What is Orthodoxy?
何为正统？