《神的栽培》华特利，威廉 Whately, William God’s Husbandry

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Translated and Edited by REV. WILLIAM FITZGERALD, A.M.
由威廉·菲茨杰拉德（Rev. William Fitzgerald, A.M.）牧师翻译和编辑。

William Whitaker’s A Disputation on Holy Scripture Against the Papists, Especially Bellarmine and Stapleton is a masterful and rigorous defense of the sufficiency, authority, and clarity of Scripture in the face of Roman Catholic objections.
威廉·惠特克（William Whitaker）的《论圣经：反驳天主教徒，特别是贝拉明和斯特普尔顿的辩论》（A Disputation on Holy Scripture Against the Papists, Especially Bellarmine and Stapleton）是一部杰出而严谨的著作，在面对罗马天主教的反对时，捍卫了圣经的充分性、权威性和清晰性。

Written during the height of the Reformation’s theological battles, this work systematically dismantles the arguments of leading Jesuit theologians such as Robert Bellarmine and Thomas Stapleton.
这部著作写于宗教改革神学争论的高峰期，系统地驳斥了诸如罗伯特·贝拉明（Robert Bellarmine）和托马斯·斯特普尔顿（Thomas Stapleton）等主要耶稣会神学家的论点。

Whitaker, a staunch Protestant scholar and the Queen’s Professor of Divinity at Cambridge, contends that Scripture alone is the ultimate authority for faith and practice, not the Church or human traditions.
惠特克是一位坚定的新教（Protestant）学者，也是剑桥大学的女王神学教授，他主张唯独圣经是信仰和实践的终极权威，而非教会或人类传统。

He meticulously addresses issues such as the number of canonical books, the authenticity of the biblical text, and the necessity of vernacular translations, demonstrating the Reformed commitment to sola Scriptura.
他一丝不苟地探讨了正典书目的数量、圣经文本的真实性以及白话翻译的必要性等问题，展示了改革宗（Reformed）对“唯独圣经”（sola Scriptura）的承诺。

His methodical refutation of the Apocrypha as inspired Scripture and his exposure of the corruption of the Latin Vulgate highlight his unyielding dedication to biblical truth.
他有条不紊地驳斥次经（Apocrypha）为受灵感启示的圣经，并揭露拉丁文通俗译本（Latin Vulgate）的错谬，突显了他对圣经真理的不懈奉献。

What makes this work particularly engaging is Whitaker’s incisive logic, his reliance on Scripture and patristic sources, and his ability to expose the weaknesses in Roman Catholic reasoning.
这部著作之所以特别引人入胜，在于惠特克敏锐的逻辑、他对圣经和教父文献的倚重，以及他揭露罗马天主教推理中弱点的能力。

His firm yet scholarly tone provides readers with a clear and compelling defense of Protestant biblical authority, making this book a crucial read for those interested in Reformation apologetics.
他坚定而学术的语气为读者提供了对新教圣经权威清晰而令人信服的辩护，使这本书成为那些对宗教改革护教学感兴趣之人的必读之作。

Whitaker not only refutes his adversaries but also lays a robust foundation for understanding the role of Scripture in the Christian life.
惠特克不仅反驳了他的对手，还为理解圣经在基督徒生活中的作用奠定了坚实的基础。

His work remains a significant contribution to Protestant thought, as it underscores the unshakeable truth that God’s Word is the supreme and self-authenticating rule of faith.
他的著作依然是对新教思想的重要贡献，因为它强调了神的话语是至高无上且自我证实的信仰准则这一不可动摇的真理。

About the Author: William Whitaker (1548–1595) was a leading Protestant theologian and the Queen’s Professor of Divinity at Cambridge.
关于作者：威廉·惠特克（1548–1595）是一位主要的新教神学家，曾任剑桥大学的女王神学教授。

A fierce defender of the Reformed faith, he played a key role in articulating and defending sola Scriptura against the rising influence of Roman Catholicism in Elizabethan England.
作为改革宗信仰的激烈捍卫者，他在阐述和捍卫“唯独圣经”以对抗伊丽莎白时代英国日益增长的罗马天主教影响方面发挥了关键作用。

His scholarly precision and theological depth made him a respected figure among both Protestants and even some of his Catholic opponents, including Robert Bellarmine, who reputedly kept Whitaker’s portrait in admiration of his learning.
他的学术严谨和神学深度使他在新教徒甚至一些天主教对手中都备受尊敬，其中包括罗伯特·贝拉明，据说他因为钦佩惠特克的学识而收藏了他的肖像。

His works remain influential in the study of Reformation theology and the doctrine of Scripture.
他的著作在宗教改革神学和圣经教义的研究中依然具有影响力。

TABLE OF CONTENTS
目录

PREFACE.
前言。

EPISTLE DEDICATORY.
献词书信。

PREFACE TO THE CONTROVERSIES, DELIVERED TO THE AUDIENCE AT CAMBRIDGE.
争议前言，在剑桥向听众发表。

QUESTION I. OF THE NUMBER OF THE CANONICAL BOOKS OF SCRIPTURE.
问题一：关于圣经正典书卷的数量。

CHAPTER I. WHEREIN THIS WHOLE CONTROVERSY IS DISTRIBUTED INTO ITS PARTICULAR QUESTIONS.
第一章：整个争议在此被细分为具体问题。
CHAPTER II. CONCERNING THE STATE OF THE FIRST QUESTION.
第二章：关于第一个问题的状况。
CHAPTER III. CONCERNING THOSE HERETICS WHO WERE GUILTY OF SACRILEGE AGAINST THE SACRED AND CANONICAL SCRIPTURES.
第三章：关于那些对神圣正典圣经犯下亵渎罪的异端。
CHAPTER IV. WHEREIN THE ARGUMENT OF THE ADVERSARIES IS PROPOSED AND CONFUTED.
第四章：提出并驳斥对手的论点。
CHAPTER V. WHEREIN REASONS ARE ALLEGED AGAINST THE BOOKS OF THE SECOND KIND.
第五章：提出反对第二类书卷的理由。
CHAPTER VI. WHEREIN THE TRUTH OF OUR CAUSE IS ILLUSTRATED BY OTHER TESTIMONIES.
第六章：通过其他见证阐明我们主张的真理。
CHAPTER VII. OF THE BOOK OF BARUCH.
第七章：关于巴录书（Book of Baruch）。
CHAPTER VIII. OF THE SEVEN APOCRYPHAL CHAPTERS OF ESTHER.
第八章：关于以斯帖记（Esther）的七章次经章节。
CHAPTER IX. OF THE APOCRYPHAL PARTS OF DANIEL.
第九章：关于但以理书（Daniel）的次经部分。
CHAPTER X. OF THE BOOK OF TOBIT.
第十章：关于多比传（Book of Tobit）。
CHAPTER XI. OF THE BOOK OF JUDITH.
第十一章：关于犹滴传（Book of Judith）。
CHAPTER XII. OF THE BOOK OF WISDOM.
第十二章：关于所罗门智训（Book of Wisdom）。
CHAPTER XIII. OF THE BOOK OF ECCLESIASTICUS.
第十三章：关于便西拉智训（Book of Ecclesiasticus）。
CHAPTER XIV. OF THE BOOKS OF MACCABEES.
第十四章：关于马加比书（Books of Maccabees）。
CHAPTER XV. OF THE BOOKS ALLOWED BY THE PAPISTS TO BE APOCRYPHAL.
第十五章：关于天主教徒承认是次经的书卷。
CHAPTER XVI. OF THE BOOKS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.
第十六章：关于新约的书卷。

QUESTION II. OF THE AUTHENTIC EDITION OF THE SCRIPTURES.
问题二：关于圣经的权威版本。

CHAPTER I. THE STATE OF THE QUESTION.
第一章：问题的状况。
CHAPTER II. OF THE HEBREW EDITION.
第二章：关于希伯来语版本。
CHAPTER III. OF THE GREEK VERSION BY THE SEVENTY TRANSLATORS OF THE HEBREW BOOKS.
第三章：关于七十士译本（Seventy Translators）对希伯来书卷的希腊语译本。
CHAPTER IV. OF OTHER GREEK TRANSLATIONS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT.
第四章：关于旧约的其他希腊语译本。
CHAPTER V. OF THE GREEK EDITION OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.
第五章：关于新约的希腊语版本。
CHAPTER VI. OF THE LATIN VULGATE EDITION.
第六章：关于拉丁文通俗译本（Latin Vulgate Edition）。
CHAPTER VII. WHEREIN AN ANSWER IS GIVEN TO THE ARGUMENTS OF OUR OPPONENTS, WHEREBY THEY ENDEAVOUR TO PROVE THAT THE LATIN VULGATE EDITION IS AUTHENTIC.
第七章：回答对手试图证明拉丁文通俗译本是权威版本的论点。
CHAPTER VIII. IN WHICH AN ANSWER IS GIVEN TO THE TEN REASONS OF THE ANGLO-RHEMIST TRANSLATORS, WHEREBY THEY ENDEAVOUR TO PROVE THE AUTHORITY OF THE VULGATE VERSION IN THE NEW TESTAMENT.
第八章：回答盎格鲁-兰斯译者（Anglo-Rhemist Translators）试图证明新约通俗译本权威性的十个理由。
CHAPTER IX. WHEREIN THE ARGUMENTS ARE EXPLAINED WHEREBY THE LATIN VULGATE EDITION IS PROVED NOT TO BE THE AUTHENTIC SCRIPTURE.
第九章：解释证明拉丁文通俗译本并非权威圣经的论据。
CHAPTER X. WHEREIN CERTAIN CORRUPT PLACES IN THE VULGATE EDITION OF THE OLD TESTAMENT ARE SET FORTH.
第十章：列举旧约通俗译本中某些错谬之处。
CHAPTER XI. OF THE LATIN EDITION OF THE PSALMS AND ITS MANIFOLD CORRUPTIONS.
第十一章：关于诗篇的拉丁文版本及其多处错谬。
CHAPTER XII. OF CORRUPTIONS IN THE LATIN EDITION OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.
第十二章：关于新约拉丁文版本中的错谬。
CHAPTER XIII. WHEREIN THE STATE OF THE QUESTION CONCERNING VERNACULAR VERSIONS IS EXPLAINED.
第十三章：解释关于白话译本问题的状况。
CHAPTER XIV. WHEREIN THE ARGUMENTS OF OUR ADVERSARIES AGAINST VERNACULAR VERSIONS ARE REFUTED.
第十四章：驳斥对手反对白话译本的论点。
CHAPTER XV. OUR REASONS FOR VERNACULAR VERSIONS OF THE SCRIPTURES.
第十五章：我们支持圣经白话译本的理由。
CHAPTER XVI. STATE OF THE QUESTION CONCERNING PUBLIC PRAYERS AND SACRED RITES IN THE VULGAR TONGUE.
第十六章：关于使用通俗语言进行公祷和神圣仪式的状况。
CHAPTER XVII. THE ARGUMENTS OF THE PAPISTS FOR SERVICE IN A FOREIGN TONGUE ARE CONFUTED.
第十七章：驳斥天主教徒主张用外语进行礼拜的论点。
CHAPTER XVIII. OUR ARGUMENTS, WHEREBY WE PROVE THAT THE OFFICES OF THE CHURCH SHOULD BE PERFORMED IN THE VERNACULAR LANGUAGE OF EVERY PEOPLE.
第十八章：我们的论据，证明教会的职事应当用各民族的白话语言来履行。

QUESTION III. CONCERNING THE AUTHORITY OF SCRIPTURE.
问题三：关于圣经的权威。

CHAPTER I. OF THE STATE OF THE QUESTION.
第一章：问题的状况。
CHAPTER II. HOW MUCH AUTHORITY, WITH RESPECT TO SCRIPTURE, IS ATTRIBUTED BY THE PAPISTS AND BY US TO THE CHURCH.
第二章：关于圣经，天主教徒和我们归给教会多少权威。
CHAPTER III. WHEREIN THE FIRST ARGUMENT OF OUR OPPONENTS IS CONFUTED.
第三章：驳斥对手的第一个论点。
CHAPTER IV. WHEREIN STAPLETON’S SECOND ARGUMENT IS PROPOSED AND CONFUTED.
第四章：提出并驳斥斯特普尔顿的第二个论点。
CHAPTER V. WHEREIN THE THIRD ARGUMENT OF OUR OPPONENTS IS EXAMINED AND SET ASIDE.
第五章：审查并驳回对手的第三个论点。
CHAPTER VI. WHEREIN THE FOURTH ARGUMENT OF OUR OPPONENTS IS ANSWERED.
第六章：回答对手的第四个论点。
CHAPTER VII. OF THE FIFTH ARGUMENT OF OUR ADVERSARIES.
第七章：关于对手的第五个论点。
CHAPTER VIII. OF THE SIXTH ARGUMENT OF OUR ADVERSARIES.
第八章：关于对手的第六个论点。
CHAPTER IX. OF THE SEVENTH ARGUMENT OF OUR ADVERSARIES.
第九章：关于对手的第七个论点。
CHAPTER X. OF THE TWO REMAINING ARGUMENTS OF OUR ADVERSARIES.
第十章：关于对手剩余的两个论点。
CHAPTER XI. OUR ARGUMENTS, WHEREBY WE PROVE THAT THE AUTHORITY OF THE SCRIPTURE, IN RESPECT OF US DOES NOT DEPEND UPON THE JUDGMENT AND AUTHORITY OF THE CHURCH.
第十一章：我们的论据，证明圣经对我们的权威不依赖于教会的判断和权威。

QUESTION IV. CONCERNING THE PERSPICUITY OF SCRIPTURE.
问题四：关于圣经的清晰性。

CHAPTER I. OF THE STATE OF THE QUESTION.
第一章：问题的状况。
CHAPTER II. WHY GOD WOULD HAVE MANY OBSCURITIES IN THE SCRIPTURES.
第二章：为何神要在圣经中保留许多晦涩之处。
CHAPTER III. WHEREIN THE ARGUMENTS OF THE PAPISTS ARE OBVIATED.
第三章：消除天主教徒的论点。
CHAPTER IV. THE ARGUMENTS OF OUR WRITERS ATTACHED BY BELLARMINE ARE DEFENDED.
第四章：为被贝拉明攻击的我们作家的论点辩护。

QUESTION V. CONCERNING THE INTERPRETATION OF SCRIPTURE.
问题五：关于圣经的解释。

CHAPTER I. THE STATE OF THE QUESTION.
第一章：问题的状况。
CHAPTER II. OF CERTAIN PRELIMINARIES, NECESSARY FOR UNDERSTANDING THE STATE OF THE QUESTION.
第二章：关于理解问题状况所必需的某些预备知识。
CHAPTER III. THE STATE OF THE FORMER PART OF THIS QUESTION TREATED MORE AT LARGE.
第三章：更详细地讨论本问题前一部分的状况。
CHAPTER IV. THE ARGUMENTS OF OUR OPPONENTS TAKEN FROM THE OLD TESTAMENT ARE SET ASIDE.
第四章：驳回对手取自旧约的论点。
CHAPTER V. AN ANSWER IS GIVEN TO THE TESTIMONIES TAKEN FROM THE NEW TESTAMENT.
第五章：回答取自新约的见证。
CHAPTER VI. OF THE THIRD ARGUMENT OF OUR ADVERSARIES.
第六章：关于对手的第三个论点。
CHAPTER VII. OF THE JESUIT’S FOURTH ARGUMENT.
第七章：关于耶稣会士的第四个论点。
CHAPTER VIII. OUR ARGUMENTS WHEREBY WE PROVE THAT THE SUPREME DECISION IN INTERPRETING SCRIPTURE BELONGS NOT TO THE CHURCH, BUT TO THE SCRIPTURES THEMSELVES AND TO THE HOLY SPIRIT.
第八章：我们的论据，证明解释圣经的最高裁决权不属于教会，而属于圣经本身和圣灵。
CHAPTER IX. THE STATE OF THE QUESTION, CONCERNING THE MEANS OF FINDING THE TRUE SENSE OF SCRIPTURE.
第九章：关于寻找圣经真义之手段的问题状况。
CHAPTER X. THE GENERAL ARGUMENTS OF OUR OPPONENTS AGAINST THESE MEANS ARE OBVIATED.
第十章：消除对手反对这些手段的一般论点。
CHAPTER XI. THE PARTICULAR ARGUMENTS OF OUR ADVERSARIES ARE REFUTED.
第十一章：驳斥对手的具体论点。
CHAPTER XII. THE ARGUMENTS BY WHICH OUR OPPONENT ENDEAVOURS TO ESTABLISH HIS OWN MEANS ARE EXAMINED.
第十二章：审查对手试图确立其自身手段的论点。
CHAPTER XIII. THAT SCRIPTURE IS TO BE INTERPRETED BY SCRIPTURE.
第十三章：圣经当以经解经。

QUESTION VI. CONCERNING THE PERFECTION OF SCRIPTURE, AGAINST HUMAN TRADITIONS.
问题六：关于圣经的完美性，反对人类传统。

CHAPTER I. THE QUESTION IS PROPOSED.
第一章：提出问题。
CHAPTER II. WHAT THE PAPISTS DENOTE BY THE TERM TRADITION.
第二章：天主教徒用“传统”一词表示什么。
CHAPTER III. HOW THE PAPISTS CLASSIFY THEIR TRADITIONS.
第三章：天主教徒如何分类他们的传统。
CHAPTER IV. THE RULES WHEREBY THE PAPISTS DISTINGUISH GENUINE FROM SPURIOUS TRADITIONS.
第四章：天主教徒区分真伪传统的规则。
CHAPTER V. WHAT DOGMAS ARE DEFENDED BY THE PAPISTS BY THE AUTHORITY OF TRADITIONS.
第五章：天主教徒依靠传统的权威捍卫哪些教义。
CHAPTER VI. THE STATE OF THE QUESTION IS LAID DOWN.
第六章：阐明问题的状况。
CHAPTER VII. THE ARGUMENTS OF OUR ADVERSARIES, WHEREBY THEY PROVE THAT THE SCRIPTURES WITHOUT TRADITION ARE NEITHER NECESSARY NOR SUFFICIENT.
第七章：对手证明没有传统的圣经既不必要也不充分的论点。
CHAPTER VIII. THAT THE SCRIPTURES ARE NECESSARY.
第八章：圣经是必要的。
CHAPTER IX. THE ARGUMENTS OF OUR OPPONENTS, WHEREBY THEY PROVE THAT THE SCRIPTURES ARE NOT SUFFICIENT WITHOUT TRADITION.
第九章：对手证明没有传统的圣经是不充分的论点。
CHAPTER X. THE ARGUMENTS TAKEN FROM SCRIPTURE, WHEREBY BELLARMINE PROVES THE EXISTENCE OF SOME TRUE TRADITIONS, ARE ANSWERED.
第十章：回答贝拉明取自圣经以证明某些真传统存在的论点。
CHAPTER XI. BELLARMINE’S THIRD ARGUMENT IS OBVIATED.
第十一章：消除贝拉明的第三个论点。
CHAPTER XII. THE FOURTH ARGUMENT, FOUNDED UPON THE TESTIMONIES OF THE FATHERS, IS ANSWERED.
第十二章：回答基于教父见证的第四个论点。
CHAPTER XIII. BELLARMINE’S REMAINING ARGUMENTS ARE CONFUTED.
第十三章：驳斥贝拉明其余的论点。
CHAPTER XIV. SUCH OF OUR ARGUMENTS AGAINST UNWRITTEN TRADITIONS AS BELLARMINE HATH ANSWERED.
第十四章：贝拉明所回答的我们反对不成文传统的论点。
CHAPTER XV. WHEREIN OTHER TESTIMONIES OF SCRIPTURE AGAINST TRADITIONS, NOT NOTICED BY BELLARMINE, ARE EXPLAINED.
第十五章：解释贝拉明未注意到的其他反对传统的圣经见证。
CHAPTER XVI. UNWRITTEN TRADITIONS ARE OPPOSED BT REASONS.
第十六章：以理据反对不成文传统。
CHAPTER XVII. TESTIMONIES OF THE FATHERS.
第十七章：教父的见证。
TO THE CHRISTIAN READER.
致基督徒读者。