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“Man’s Fallen Condition: Free or Bound?” by John Calvin is a theological exploration of the nature of human will, freedom, and the impact of sin.
约翰·加尔文的《人的堕落景况：自由抑或受缚？》是对人类意志、自由的本质以及罪之影响的神学探讨。
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Calvin explores the complexities of human nature, particularly focusing on the extent of human freedom in the wake of the Fall.
加尔文探讨了人性的复杂性，尤其关注堕落后人类自由的程度。
One of the central themes of the book is the delineation between the philosophical and Christian perspectives on the will.
本书的核心主题之一是区分哲学与基督教对意志的观点。
Calvin critically examines various philosophical theories of the will, contrasting them with the Christian understanding as rooted in Scripture.
加尔文批判性地审视了各种关于意志的哲学理论，并将它们与植根于圣经的基督教理解进行对比。
He particularly engages with the teachings of Augustine on free will, offering a nuanced discussion on the nature of human freedom and its limitations.
祂尤其深入探讨了奥古斯丁关于自由意志的教导，对人类自由的本质及其局限性进行了细致入微的讨论。
Calvin argues that while man possesses a degree of choice and self-determination, this choice is not free in the truest sense.
加尔文认为，虽然人拥有一定程度的选择和自决能力，但这种选择并非真正意义上的自由。
He posits that due to inherent sinfulness, human will is necessarily driven towards evil and cannot independently seek goodness.
祂断言，由于固有的罪性，人的意志必然趋向邪恶，无法独立寻求良善。
This condition, Calvin asserts, is not a matter of coercion but a manifestation of the bound will, captive under the authority of its corrupt desires.
加尔文宣称，这种状况并非出于强迫，而是受缚意志的表现，它被自身败坏的欲望所辖制。
The book further explores how sin’s dominion over humanity has subjected all to a form of servitude, questioning the extent of freedom retained under this captivity.
本书进一步探讨了罪对人类的统治如何使所有人都屈从于一种奴役形式，并质疑在这种束缚下所保留的自由程度。
Calvin emphasizes the need for balance in understanding human nature, cautioning against both the apathy that may arise from a sense of helplessness and the inflated self-confidence that neglects the necessity of divine grace.
加尔文强调在理解人性时需要保持平衡，告诫人们既要避免因无助感而产生的冷漠，也要避免因忽视神圣恩典的必要性而产生的过度自信。
Calvin highlights the importance of God’s illumination, without which man remains spiritually blind.
加尔文强调上帝（祂）光照的重要性，没有祂的光照，人仍是属灵的瞎子。
He argues that while humans possess natural faculties and can exhibit skills in various arts, true understanding of heavenly truths remains incomprehensible to human reason without divine intervention.
祂认为，虽然人类拥有天赋的官能，并能在各种技艺中展现才能，但若没有神的介入，人类理性无法理解属天的真理。
One of the pivotal theological lessons from the book is the differentiation between earthly and heavenly things.
本书一个关键的神学教训是区分属地之事和属天之事。
Calvin asserts that while human understanding may grasp terrestrial matters to an extent, it falls profoundly short when it comes to celestial matters, the knowledge of God, and aligning one’s life with His divine plan.
加尔文宣称，虽然人类的理解力在一定程度上可以掌握属地之事，但在属天之事、认识上帝（祂）以及使自己的生命与祂神圣的计划一致方面，却远远不足。
In conclusion, “Man’s Fallen Condition: Free or Bound?” is a thought-provoking treatise that challenges readers to reflect on the true nature of human will, the profound impact of sin, and the indispensable role of divine grace in the pursuit of righteousness.
总之，《人的堕落景况：自由抑或受缚？》是一部引人深思的论著，它挑战读者反思人类意志的真正本质、罪的深远影响以及神圣恩典在追求公义过程中不可或缺的作用。
Calvin’s meticulous exposition and compelling arguments make it an essential read for those seeking a deeper understanding of Reformed theology and the complexities of human nature in relation to divine sovereignty.
加尔文细致的阐述和有力的论证，使其成为那些寻求更深入理解改革宗神学以及与神圣主权相关的人性复杂性之人的必读之作。
Content from Institutes of the Christian Religion 1541 Edition.
内容摘自《基督教要义》1541年版。
TABLE OF CONTENTS
目录
Preface
序言
How Far Does Man’s Freedom Extend?
人的自由延伸多远？
Philosophical Theories of the Will
意志的哲学理论
The Christian Perspective on the Will
基督教对意志的观点
Augustine on Free Will
奥古斯丁论自由意志
Understanding Human Nature
理解人性
Man’s Power and Limitations
人的能力与局限
Earthly and Heavenly Things
属地之事与属天之事
Human Skills in the Liberal Arts
人文科学中的人类技能
Natural Endowments are Gifts of God
天赋才能是上帝（祂）的恩赐
Heavenly Truth Incomprehensible to Human Reason
属天真理非人力所能理解
Without God’s Illumination Man is Spiritually Blind
没有上帝（祂）的光照，人是属灵的瞎子
Natural Law Makes Sin Inexcusable
自然律使罪无可推诿
Natural Inclination Lacks Discernment
自然倾向缺乏辨别力
Paul’s Teaching on the Will
保罗关于意志的教导
More Scripture Proof of Man’s Corruption
更多圣经证据证明人的败坏
God’s Grace Restrains Evil
上帝（祂）的恩典抑制邪恶
God May Favor the Wicked with Particular Gifts
上帝（祂）可能以特别的恩赐恩待恶人
Man Sins of Necessity, His Will Being Held Captive
人因必然性犯罪，其意志被囚禁
God’s Remedy: New Hearts
上帝（祂）的补救：新心
Without Heart Renewal, the Will is Powerless
没有心灵的更新，意志是无能为力的
Scriptural Evidence
圣经证据
Perseverance a Divine Gift
坚忍是神圣的恩赐
Grace Does All, According to Augustine
根据奥古斯丁，恩典成就一切
Continuing Sin in the Believer
信徒中持续的罪
Sinners Captives to Satan
罪人是撒旦的俘虏
Scripture Affirms God’s Willis Sovereign
圣经肯定上帝（祂）的意志是至高无上的
Objections
异议