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**Speculum Theologiae in Christo; Or, a View of Some Divine Truths, Which Are Either Practically Exemplified in Jesus Christ, Set Forth in the Gospel Or May Be Reasonably Deduced From Thence**

**《基督中的神学镜鉴；或一些神圣真理的观察，这些真理要么在耶稣基督中得到了实际体现，要么在福音中显明，或可合理地从中推导出来》**

“Speculum Theologiae in Christo” by Edward Polhill is a profound theological work that explores the divine truths as they are revealed in Christ, serving as a “mirror of theology.” Polhill masterfully presents key doctrines of Christian theology through the person and work of Jesus Christ, providing readers with an in-depth contemplation of God’s attributes—His wisdom, holiness, justice, grace, mercy, and power—manifested in Christ. This work is not just a theological treatise but a devotional exploration that leads believers into a deeper understanding and adoration of the divine mysteries.

**爱德华·波尔希尔（Edward Polhill）的《基督中的神学镜鉴》是一本深刻的神学著作，探讨了在基督里显现的神圣真理，作为“神学的镜子”。波尔希尔通过耶稣基督的身世与工作，巧妙地呈现了基督教神学的关键教义，带领读者深入思考上帝的属性——祂的智慧、圣洁、公义、恩典、慈悲与能力——在基督中的显现。这不仅仅是一部神学论文，更是一部灵修的探索，带领信徒深入理解并敬拜神的奥秘。**

Key Themes and Content:

**主题与内容：**

Christ as the Mirror of Divine Attributes: Polhill considers how Christ, as both God and man, reflects the divine attributes in a comprehensible form. The book emphasizes that Jesus Christ is not merely a prophet who reveals God’s word but is Himself the substance and essence of divine revelation. As the “speculum theologiae” or mirror of theology, Christ reflects the wisdom, holiness, justice, and love of God in a manner that is accessible to human understanding.

**基督作为神圣属性的镜子：波尔希尔思考了基督如何作为神与人，反映出神的属性，并以可理解的形式展现出来。书中强调，耶稣基督不仅是显明神圣话语的先知，更是神圣启示的本质与实质。作为“神学的镜子”，基督以一种人类可以理解的方式，反映出上帝的智慧、圣洁、公义和爱。**

God’s Wisdom in Redemption: One of the core arguments in Polhill’s work is the display of God’s wisdom in the plan of redemption. This wisdom is most clearly seen in the incarnation of Christ—God becoming man. Polhill articulates how this “manifold wisdom of God” is revealed in the salvation plan, which harmonizes divine justice and mercy, human free will, and divine sovereignty.

**上帝在救赎中的智慧：波尔希尔作品的核心论点之一是上帝在救赎计划中所展现的智慧。这种智慧在基督的道成肉身中得到了最为清晰的体现——上帝成为人类。波尔希尔阐述了这种“多样的神智慧”是如何在救恩计划中显现的，这个计划调和了神的公义与慈悲、人类的自由意志与神的主权。**

The Doctrine of Justification and Sanctification: Polhill explains the doctrine of justification by faith alone, emphasizing that Christ’s righteousness is imputed to believers, making them stand justified before a holy God. He argues for a twofold imputation: our sins imputed to Christ and His righteousness imputed to us. This leads naturally into a discussion of sanctification as a necessary fruit of justification, where true faith in Christ produces a life of holiness and obedience.

**称义与成圣的教义：波尔希尔解释了唯独因信称义的教义，强调基督的义被归算给信徒，使他们在圣洁的上帝面前站立为义。他主张“双重归算”：我们的罪归算给基督，而祂的义归算给我们。这自然而然地引出了成圣的讨论，成圣是称义的必然结果，真正的信仰在基督里结出圣洁与顺服的生命果实。**

Exploration of Divine Justice and Mercy: Polhill’s exploration of God’s justice and mercy is rich and thorough. He describes how these attributes are not in conflict but perfectly united in the cross of Christ. God’s justice is satisfied in Christ’s atoning death, while His mercy is extended to sinners who believe. This confluence of justice and mercy at Calvary is presented as the ultimate demonstration of God’s glory.

**神的公义与慈悲的探索：波尔希尔对神的公义与慈悲的探索既丰富又全面。他描述了这些属性并非冲突，而是在基督十字架上完美地合一。神的公义在基督的赎罪之死中得到满足，而祂的慈悲则向信徒施展。这种在加尔瓦里十字架上公义与慈悲的交汇，被呈现为神荣耀的最终显现。**

The Role of Providence and Grace: Polhill asserts the supremacy of divine providence and grace in the governance of all things, particularly in the salvation of humankind. He critiques views that diminish the role of divine grace, emphasizing that God not only provides the power to believe but also actively works the will to believe in His elect. Thus, the entire process of salvation—from election to glorification—is viewed as an act of divine grace and power.

**天意与恩典的作用：波尔希尔强调神的护理与恩典在治理万物中的至高无上，特别是在拯救人类中的作用。他批评那些贬低神恩典作用的观点，强调神不仅赐予信仰的力量，还积极地在祂的选民身上成就信仰的意志。因此，从拣选到荣耀的整个救赎过程，被看作是神的恩典与能力的作为。**

A Call to Humility and Faith: Throughout the work, Polhill calls readers to humility and faith. He reminds us that while human reason is a gift from God, it must submit to divine revelation. This humility is crucial in the face of divine mysteries that surpass human understanding, such as the Trinity, the incarnation, and the hypostatic union of Christ’s divine and human natures.

**谦卑与信心的召唤：在整部著作中，波尔希尔呼召读者谦卑与信心。他提醒我们，虽然人类的理性是神的恩赐，但它必须顺服神的启示。在面对超越人类理解的神秘事物时，这种谦卑尤为重要，比如三位一体、道成肉身，以及基督神性与人性的二性合一。**

Conclusion: “Speculum Theologiae in Christo” is a valuable resource for those who desire to explore the riches of Reformed theology and Christ-centered doctrine. Polhill’s ability to weave together rigorous theological discussion with heartfelt devotion makes this work a timeless piece, worthy of study by pastors, theologians, and lay Christians alike. It challenges its readers to not only comprehend the divine mysteries intellectually but to also embrace them with faith, leading to a life of holiness, humility, and worship.

**结论：《基督中的神学镜鉴》是那些渴望探索改革宗神学与基督中心教义丰富内涵的人的宝贵资源。波尔希尔能够将严谨的神学讨论与真诚的灵修结合在一起，使这部作品成为一部永恒的经典，值得牧师、神学家和信徒们共同研读。它不仅挑战读者在智力上理解神的奥秘，也呼召他们以信心接受这些奥秘，带领他们走向圣洁、谦卑与敬拜的生命。**

For those looking to deepen their understanding of Christian doctrine and the person of Christ, Edward Polhill’s “Speculum Theologiae in Christo” is an essential read that will undoubtedly draw them closer to the glory of God revealed in Christ

**对于那些希望加深对基督教教义与基督之人的理解的人来说，爱德华·波尔希尔的《基督中的神学镜鉴》是一本必读之作，它无疑会让他们更接近基督里显现的神的荣耀。**

About the Author: Edward Polhill Edward Polhill (1622–1694) was a notable English Puritan and theologian who lived during the tumultuous period of the English Civil War and the Restoration. Known for his deep piety and scholarly works, Polhill was highly esteemed among his contemporaries for his commitment to Reformed theology and his pastoral sensitivity. His works often reflect a profound grasp of both doctrinal precision and practical application, aiming to edify the church by elucidating complex theological concepts in a way that is accessible and spiritually enriching.

**关于作者：爱德华·波尔希尔 爱德华·波尔希尔（Edward Polhill，1622–1694）是英国著名的清教徒与神学家，生活在英国内战与复辟的动荡时期。波尔希尔因其深厚的虔诚与学术著作而著称，他因致力于改革宗神学并具有牧养敏感性，深受同时代人的尊敬。他的作品通常反映了对教义精准与实际应用的深刻理解，旨在通过以通俗易懂且灵性丰富的方式阐明复杂的神学概念，来教化教会。**

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**Table of Contents**

**目录**

**To The Christian Reader**

**致基督徒读者**

**CHAPTER I: A short view of God’s all-sufficiency and condescension in revealing himself.**

**第一章：简述神在显现自我中的全足与屈尊。**

**CHAPTER II: Christ considered as a prophet and a speculum. The divine attributes shine in him; particularly, wisdom.**

**第二章：基督作为先知与镜子的考察。神的属性在祂身上显现，尤其是智慧。**

**CHAPTER III: Holiness the glory of the Deity: by it God acts like himself, and doth all for his own glory: it imports a hatred of sin, and love of holiness in man.**

**第三章：圣洁是神的荣耀：神通过圣洁表现自己，并为祂自己的荣耀做一切事：它意味着憎恨罪恶，并在人的生命中激发对圣洁的爱。**

**CHAPTER IV: God’s punitive justice asserted from scripture and nature.**

**第四章：神的惩罚性公义通过圣经与自然的证实。**

**CHAPTER V: God’s love and mercy manifested**

**第五章：神的爱与慈悲显现**

**CHAPTER VI: The power of God manifest in Christ: in his incarnation and conception: in his miracles.**

**第六章：神在基督里的能力显现：在祂的道成肉身与受孕、以及祂的神迹中。**

**CHAPTER VII: The truth of God manifested in Christ. The promise of the Messiah.**

**第七章：神的真理在基督里显现。弥赛亚的应许。**

**CHAPTER VIII: God’s providence asserted from scripture, philosophy, and reason.**

**第八章：神的护理通过圣经、哲学与理性得以证实。**

**CHAPTER IX: The doctrine of original sin; the great moment of it. Adam’s sin imputed to us. The proof of it from scripture.**

**第九章：原罪的教义；它的重要性。亚当的罪归算给我们。通过圣经的证据。**

**CHAPTER X: Touching grace: the fountain of it God’s love. The streams supernatural gifts.**

**第十章：论恩典：恩典的泉源是神的爱。恩典的流出是超自然的恩赐。**

**CHAPTER XI: Touching justification as to the law. Christ’s righteousness constitutes us righteous. A double imputation; one to the proper agent, another to those in conjunction.**

**第十一章：论称义与律法的关系。基督的义使我们成为义。双重归算；一是归算给合法代理者，二是归算给联合者。**

**CHAPTER XII: Touching a holy life. It is not from principles of nature: it is the fruit of a renewed, regenerated heart: it issues out of faith and love.**

**第十二章：论圣洁的生活。它不是来自自然的原则：它是更新的、重生的心的果实：它源于信心与爱。**