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In the Points of Ruling Elders, and of the Authority of Presbyteries and Synods 论治理长老的要点，以及长老会和总会的权柄
George Gillespie’s An Assertion of the Government of the Church of Scotland is a robust and masterfully argued defense of Presbyterian church polity, demonstrating the biblical foundation for ruling elders, presbyteries, and synods. 乔治·吉莱斯皮(George Gillespie)的《苏格兰教会治理之主张》(An Assertion of the Government of the Church of Scotland)是对长老会教会体制的有力且精湛论证的辩护，展示了治理长老、长老会和总会的圣经根基。
In an age when ecclesiastical authority was hotly contested, Gillespie stands as a formidable advocate for a church governed not by hierarchical bishops or independent congregations but by a system of elders and assemblies modeled after Scripture and the early Church. 在一个教会权柄被激烈争论的时代，吉莱斯皮作为一位强有力的倡导者，主张教会不是由等级制的主教或独立的会众治理，而是由效法圣经和早期教会的长老和会议体系治理。
This work is no mere theoretical treatise—it is a battle-tested exposition, forged in the fires of the seventeenth-century struggles for ecclesiastical purity in Scotland. 这部作品不是单纯的理论论文——它是一部经过实战检验的阐释，在十七世纪苏格兰为教会纯洁而斗争的烈火中锻造而成。
Gillespie painstakingly defends the role of ruling elders, demonstrating their legitimacy from both Old and New Testament texts, the practice of the early Church, and the testimony of Reformed writers. 吉莱斯皮煞费苦心地辩护治理长老的角色，从旧约和新约经文、早期教会的实践以及改革宗作家的见证中证明他们的合法性。
His precision and polemical skill leave no room for the objections of Episcopalians or Independents, as he dismantles their arguments with exegetical clarity and historical rigor. 他的精确性和论战技巧不给圣公会派(Episcopalians)或独立派(Independents)的反对意见留下任何余地，因为他以释经的清晰性和历史的严谨性拆毁他们的论证。
The second part of the book presents a compelling case for the authority of church assemblies, both provincial and national, as necessary for maintaining doctrinal purity and discipline. 本书的第二部分为教会会议的权柄提出了令人信服的论证，无论是区域性的还是全国性的，都是维护教义纯正和纪律所必需的。
Gillespie systematically refutes the idea of autonomous congregations by appealing to Scripture, natural reason, and the necessity of order within Christ’s Church. 吉莱斯皮系统地驳斥了自治会众的观念，他诉诸圣经、自然理性以及基督教会内秩序的必要性。
He engages directly with contemporary critics of Presbyterianism, including prominent Anglican divines, exposing the inconsistencies in their reasoning and the dangers of their ecclesiology. 他直接与长老制的当代批评者交锋，包括著名的圣公会神学家，揭露他们推理中的不一致性和他们教会论的危险。
An Assertion of the Government of the Church of Scotland is a must-read for pastors, elders, and serious students of Reformed ecclesiology who desire to understand not only the structure of the Presbyterian Church but also the biblical and theological reasoning behind it. 《苏格兰教会治理之主张》对于牧师、长老和认真研究改革宗教会论的学生来说是必读之作，他们渴望不仅理解长老会的结构，也理解其背后的圣经和神学推理。
This is ecclesiastical warfare at its finest—Gillespie writes with a zeal for God’s truth, a mastery of biblical exegesis, and an unwavering commitment to the purity of Christ’s Church. 这是教会战争的最佳典范——吉莱斯皮以对神真理的热忱、对圣经释经的精通以及对基督教会纯洁性的坚定委身来写作。
About the Author: 关于作者：
George Gillespie (1613–1648) was one of the leading theologians of the Scottish Covenanters and a key figure in the Westminster Assembly. 乔治·吉莱斯皮(1613-1648)是苏格兰盟约派(Scottish Covenanters)的主要神学家之一，也是威斯敏斯特会议(Westminster Assembly)的关键人物。
A minister, polemicist, and ecclesiastical statesman, he played a crucial role in shaping Reformed church polity, advocating tirelessly for Presbyterian government. 作为一位牧师、论战家和教会政治家，他在塑造改革宗教会体制方面发挥了关键作用，不知疲倦地倡导长老制治理。
His works, including Aaron’s Rod Blossoming and A Dispute Against English Popish Ceremonies, showcase his theological precision and fearless defense of biblical truth. 他的著作，包括《亚伦发芽的杖》(Aaron’s Rod Blossoming)和《反对英国教皇式仪式的辩论》(A Dispute Against English Popish Ceremonies)，展示了他神学的精确性和对圣经真理无畏的辩护。
Though he died at a young age, his influence on Reformed ecclesiology remains profound, and his writings continue to serve as a rallying cry for Presbyterian governance based on the Word of God. 虽然他英年早逝，但他对改革宗教会论的影响仍然深远，他的著作继续作为基于神话语的长老制治理的号召。
TABLE OF CONTENTS 目录
THE FIRST PART; CONCERNING RULING ELDERS 第一部分；论治理长老
CHAPTER I: OF THE WORDS ELDER, LAY ELDER, AND RULING ELDER 第一章：论长老、平信徒长老和治理长老这些词
CHAPTER II: OF THE FUNCTION OF RULING ELDERS AND WHAT SORT OF OFFICERS THEY ARE 第二章：论治理长老的职分以及他们是何种职员
CHAPTER III: THE FIRST ARGUMENT FOR RULING ELDERS TAKEN FROM THE JEWISH CHURCH 第三章：从犹太教会取得的支持治理长老的第一个论证
CHAPTER IV: THE SECOND ARGUMENT FROM MATTHEW 18:17 第四章：从马太福音18章17节取得的第二个论证
CHAPTER V: OUR THIRD ARGUMENT FROM ROMANS 12:8 第五章：我们从罗马书12章8节取得的第三个论证
CHAPTER VI: ARGUMENT FOURTH, FROM 1 CORINTHIANS 12:28 第六章：第四个论证，从哥林多前书12章28节
CHAPTER VII: ARGUMENT FIFTH, FROM 1 TIMOTHY 5:17 第七章：第五个论证，从提摩太前书5章17节
CHAPTER VIII: THE TESTIMONY OF AMBROSE FOR RULING ELDERS VINDICATED 第八章：安波罗修(Ambrose)为治理长老作见证得到辩明
CHAPTER IX: OTHER TESTIMONIES OF ANTIQUITY 第九章：古代的其他见证
CHAPTER X: THE CONSENT OF PROTESTANT WRITERS AND THE CONFESSION OF OUR OPPONENTS REGARDING RULING ELDERS 第十章：新教作家的同意以及我们对手关于治理长老的承认
CHAPTER XI: DOCTOR FIELD’S FIVE ARGUMENTS AGAINST RULING ELDERS ANSWERED 第十一章：回答菲尔德博士(Doctor Field)反对治理长老的五个论证
CHAPTER XII: ANSWERING DOCTOR FIELD’S SECOND AND THIRD ARGUMENTS 第十二章：回答菲尔德博士的第二和第三个论证
CHAPTER XII: THE EXTRAVAGANCES OF WHITGIFT AND SARAVIA IN THE MATTER OF RULING ELDERS 第十二章：惠特吉夫特(Whitgift)和萨拉维亚(Saravia)在治理长老事上的荒谬言论
CHAPTER XIII: WHETHER RULING ELDERS HAVE THE POWER OF DECISIVE VOICES WHEN THEY SIT IN PRESBYTERIES AND SYNODS. 第十三章：治理长老在长老会和总会中就座时是否拥有决定性投票权
CHAPTER XIV: OF THE ORDINATION OF RULING ELDERS, THE CONTINUANCE OF THEIR OFFICE, AND THEIR MAINTENANCE 第十四章：论治理长老的按立、他们职分的延续以及他们的供养
THE SECOND PART: CONCERNING ASSEMBLIES OF THE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND, AND AUTHORITY THEREOF. 第二部分：论苏格兰教会的会议及其权柄
CHAPTER I: OF POPULAR GOVERNMENT IN THE CHURCH 第一章：论教会中的民众治理
CHAPTER II: OF THE INDEPENDENCY OF THE ELDERSHIPS OF PARTICULAR CONGREGATIONS 第二章：论特定会众的长老职分的独立性
CHAPTER III. OF GREATER PRESBYTERIES, WHICH SOME CALL CLASSES. 第三章：论更大的长老会，有些人称之为区会(Classes)
CHAPTER IV. OF THE AUTHORITY OF SYNODS, PROVINCIAL AND NATIONAL. 第四章：论总会的权柄，区域性的和全国性的
CHAPTER V. THE FIRST ARGUMENT FOR THE AUTHORITY OF SYNODS, AND THE SUBORDINATION OF PRESBYTERIES THERETO, TAKEN FROM THE LIGHT OF NATURE. 第五章：支持总会权柄以及长老会对其从属关系的第一个论证，取自自然之光
CHAPTER VI. THE SECOND ARGUMENT, TAKEN FROM CHRIST’S INSTITUTION. 第六章：第二个论证，取自基督的设立
CHAPTER VII: THE THIRD ARGUMENT, TAKEN FROM THE JEWISH CHURCH. 第七章：第三个论证，取自犹太教会
CHAPTER VIII: THE FOURTH ARGUMENT, TAKEN FROM ACTS XV. 第八章：第四个论证，取自使徒行传第十五章
CHAPTER IX: THE FIFTH ARGUMENT, TAKEN FROM GEO-METRICAL PROPORTION. 第九章：第五个论证，取自几何比例
CHAPTER X: THE SIXTH ARGUMENT, TAKEN FROM NECESSITY. 第十章：第六个论证，取自必要性
CHAPTER XI: OBJECTIONS MADE AGAINST THE AUTHORITY OF SYNODS ANSWERED. 第十一章：回答针对总会权柄所提出的反对意见